Impact of Upsurge in Covid-19 Cases on Indian Stock Market: A Machine Learning Approach

In the present study, the influence of the surge in pandemic cases and fatalities due to pandemics on the stock performance of NIFTY 50 have been analyzed by employing a regression analysis algorithm using Python Software. The data have been collected for 27 months starting from 1st Jan 2020 to 31st March 2022 and for the application of machine learning tools the data connected to the stock market and COVID 19 have been integrated into the first phase and thereafter preprocessing has been carried out on the data to bring uniformity to data in the second phase. After preprocessing in the third phase data has been evaluated using five leading regression algorithms. The findings of the study reflected that COVID 19 figures and fatalities have severally impacted the stock market returns of the leading index i.e., NIFTY 50. Further, it was gathered from the study that REPTree regression would be a better fit to the model and Gaussian Process would be least fitted to the model as REPTree the lower values of MAE, RMSE, RAE, and R2 error in case of performance evaluation of upsurge in COVID 19 fatalities and surge in stock market returns. © 2022 IEEE.

A Robust Framework for Governing Blockchain-Based Distributed Ledgers During COVID-19 for Academic Establishments

The existing COVID-19 global epidemic has altered our lifestyles in different manners. It has created the need to always understand our position, which we have been seen in interaction with, as well as other specifics such as our body temp and to prevent the spread of such a viral infection. The above knowledge is especially important for students, as their yield to college tends to increase their occupational exposure. To solve this issue, several control systems must always be incorporated. Humans presently use thermoelectric detectors to search a person's temperature changes, card machines in bus routes to verify educators’ existence, and web platforms in which educators can register the attendance of the student for every class. Humans can use blockchain technology to connect and interact and develop an efficient, translucent COVID-19 tracking system. Throughout this paper, we start debating a fresh distributed ledgers traceability system that guarantees accountability among both students, schools, and the authorities to avoid virus spread and aid in interaction tracing. Utilizing blockchain technology and classroom Identity card, we support the implementation of the ancient nearby. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

A review on unprecedented influence of COVID-19 on stock market: what communities should know?

Purpose: This paper aims to show the pragmatic studies that examine whether novel COVID-19 affects the national and international stock markets and reinforces the existing literature by highlighting the factors that are resultant from COVID 19. Design/methodology/approach: The systematic literature review and bibliometric approach have been used in the study covering 585 selected articles published in journals of high repute from January 2020 to January 2022. The process of bibliometric analysis has been divided into three stages, namely, assembling, arranging and assessing. From the Scopus database, one of the most reliable and authentic database total of 585 records were collected, out of which 12 were specifically focused on communities, and information gathered in the comma-separated value documents design was compared and interpreted based on year, document types, subject area, country and research fields with the help of graphs and pie charts. The study has analyzed fact-based and reliable studies to draw inferences from existing literature regarding the pandemic impacting the financial markets. In the extant study, an attempt has been made to explore the factors that are resultant from the COVID-19 pandemic and affects the stock market performance, which can be further classified into a few common factors by using factor analysis. Findings: It originated from the majority of the studies that the stock market retorted destructively to the upsurge in the figure of COVID-19 cases and fatalities. It also emphasized that the market has reacted differently in comparison to earlier catastrophes such as the great depression of 2008 and the Spanish flu. Various factors such as fear of losing capital, standstill economy, lower valuation, increased mortality rate, halt in business operations, retrenchment, trade war, liquidity issues, panic buying and selling, digitalization, negative media coverage, government interference, financial behavior of investors, hoarding of COVID supplies, promotion of start-up in health-care and education sector, news bulletins, prevention campaigns, use of medical devices and COVID-19 vaccination, etc. have been conferred from the studies that have an immediate consequence on the actions of investors in the stock market. It was further highlighted in the study that the Indian stock market has been less explored in respect of implications of COVID-19 contagion as the majority of studies were based on either international stock exchanges or combinations of varied nation’s stock markets. It was witnessed in the interpretation section that the number of studies is increasing at a fast pace as new variants of COVID-19 are emerging over time. Significant contribution has been done in enhancing the literature on COVID-19 and the stock market by China and the USA. The maximum contribution in this domain has been done in the form of articles in the present literature. Few studies were focusing on communities, so the present study will try to fill this research gap to some extent. Research limitations/implications: This conceptual paper is demarcated by unsatisfactory analyses of writings from multi-discipline to get a comprehensive scope of notional understanding. Furthermore, there is a perchance that some other imperative phenomena or variables that prejudiced trading bustle have not been captured by present reviews of research papers. The influences of other macroeconomic variables should be explored to understand the concrete results of this pandemic. Practical implications: Most of the studies were based on foreign stock exchanges, so there is an opportunity to explore the Indian stock market concerning the implications of the coronavirus pandemic. In the literature, it was examined that short-term studies have been undertaken, which cannot determine the long-term implications of COVID-19. Over time, besides COVID-19, various other factors have started impacting the stock market, so it has become difficult to examine the influence of COVID-19 on the stock market in isolation. Social implica ions: The study will be helpful for future learnings in the arena of the stock market as it provides vast exposure to the present literature related to the impact of COVID-19 on economic markets. On the other hand, investors will also become aware of factors that are resultant of COVID-19 and will take the right decisions to save their investments in light of pandemic implications. The extensive review of studies will also help enterprising communities to take judicial steps to remain active in the period of economic slowdown. Originality/value: The paper provides significant implications to the investors in the stock market, and it will provide useful insight to improve their returns on their portfolios. The learning from the study will help investors to take fruitful decisions considering the uncertainty during the pandemic period. The inferences drawn from rich existing literature will be guiding enterprises to take timely actions to avoid the situation of loss in the market and adapt new models to ensure continuity of business operations. Different markets had reacted differently, so investors need to be cautious before taking trading decisions. © 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited.

Business Revolution in Post-COVID Era: An Evolving Economy Outlook

The study has been undertaken to examine the hardship faced by different sectors in the COVID19 pandemic and what remedial course of action has been taken by digital leaders in significant industries to revive their business operations. It was found that presently businesses are required to continuously monitor the market stimulations and remain focused on rapid innovation and try to cater the demands of people in the post-COVID 19 eras, to provide a seamless digital user experience. The study has also highlighted the role of the communication sector in uplifting other sectors in the economy by keeping people connected during the period of crisis. The focus should be on managing this unfortunate crisis by formulating business continuity strategies, cost reduction measures, cloud inventory management, enhanced process mechanization, managing enterprise agility, growing partnering networks, and more. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

The association of ABO blood type with the risk and severity of COVID-19 infection

Background: There is conflicting data in the literature about the association of ABO blood type and susceptibility to COVID-19 infection. Moreover, very few studies have examined the effect of blood type on severity of COVID-19 infection. Methods: This was a retrospective, single-center analysis of adult patients with COVID-19 infection who were hospitalized between March 8th to July 31st, 2020 at a regional tertiary care hospital. All patients who were hospitalized with a diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) infection and had a documented ABO blood type were enrolled in this analysis. Aims of this study were to examine the prevalence of ABO blood types in patients with COVID-19 infection and to determine the frequency of severe COVID-19 infection among ABO blood types. Results: A total of 227 cases were identified. Our cohort had a mean age of 63.3 years and 60% were males. The most common blood type was O (49%) followed by A (36%), which was similar to the prevalence of ABO blood types in our regional population. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the frequency of severe COVID-19 infection between ABO blood types (O: 50%, A: 53%, B: 56%, AB: 57%;P=0.93), or any additional outcomes including in-hospital mortality rate (P=0.72), need for ICU admission (P=0.66), ICU free days at day 28 (P=0.51), hospital free days at day 28 (P=0.43), or need for acute renal replacement therapy (P=0.09). Conclusion: We did not find an increased susceptibility of any blood type to COVID-19 infection, nor was there an increased risk of severe COVID-19 infection in any ABO blood types.

Surveillance System for Monitoring Social Distance

In the light of recent events, an epidemic - COVID-19 which took the world by surprise and continues to grow day by day. This paper describes an idea to control the spread of disease by monitoring Social Distancing. As of now from where we stand, the only way to avoid further spreading is to maintain proper social distance. Combining the advanced detection algorithms such as SSD, YOLO v4, and Faster-RCNN along with pedestrian datasets we reached the desired conclusion of calculating the distance between two detected persons in a video and identifying whether the social distancing norm is followed or not. This method can be implemented in CCTV’s, UAV’s, and on any other surveillance system. The rapid advancements in technologies led to more precise and accurate values. © 2021, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.